Thanks for all the interesting replies! Given the response, I decided to make a whole community around this, hope you’ll consider joining!
If you liked this thread, you might like: !likethismaylike@lemm.ee
Remember, if you’re on a different instance you may have to search the url first: https://lemm.ee/c/likethismaylike
Obvious choice: Primer
There’s also a decent tng episode that has this exact premise.
It seems this is an entire genre though, so Wikipedia does have a list of time loop movies. Maybe check if any of those short descriptions seem to fit your tastes?